Each subject completed a detailed risk element questionnaire. Results A total of 240,039 young Thai males were conscripted into the RTA and were screened for HIV seroprevalence between November 2005 and May 2009. the RTA and were screened Lithospermoside for HIV seroprevalence between November 2005 and May 2009. Of 1 1,208 (0.5%) HIV positive instances, 584 (48.3%) men were enrolled into the study. There were 7,396 males who have been enrolled like a assessment group. Among conscripts who experienced an education lower than a college-level, the self-employed risk factors for HIV illness Lithospermoside were age in years (AOR 1.38, 95% CI 1.28C1.48), a history of sex with another man (AOR 3.73, 95% CI 2.70C5.13), HCV illness (AOR 3.89, 95% CI 2.56C5.90), and a history of sex with a female sex worker (FSW) (AOR 1.35, 95% CI 1.10C1.66). Among conscripts who experienced a college degree, the self-employed risk element for HIV illness was a history of sex with another man (AOR 23.04, 95% CI 10.23C51.90). Numbers of sexual partners improved and the age at first sex, as well as the use of condoms for sex having a FSW decreased in successive cohorts. Summary The HIV seroprevalence among cohorts of 17C29 years old men has remained at about 0.5% overall during 2005C2009. The most significant behavior associated with HIV prevalence was a history of sex with another man. Our data show continuing acquisition of HIV among young men in Thailand in recent years, especially among males with a history of same sex behavior. Intro The HIV epidemic in Thailand offers decreased considerably since its maximum in the early 1990s. Although Thailand has had considerable success in HIV prevention. It has been estimated that 43,040 fresh infections will happen during 2012\2016 [1]. Risk behaviors primarily associated with HIV transmission have changed since the peak of the epidemic. Unlike the HIV epidemics in Lithospermoside most developed countries, studies of HIV illness in the Thai human population during 1993C1995 found that heterosexual transmission played the major role [2]. Studies during the early phase of the epidemic found that more than 90% of HIV infected men reported having sex with female sex workers, whereas only about 1% had a history of injection drug use (IDU). The peak incidence of the HIV epidemic occurred from 1991 to 1993. Nopkesorn et al [3], Celentano et al [4] and Carr et al [5] reported the HIV incidence among young Thai armed service conscripts from your upper northern provinces during the early 1990s were 2.0, 2.5 and 3.2 per 100 person-years, respectively. However, the HIV incidence rate of former armed service conscripts after discharge from your Royal Thai Army during 1995C1999 was 0.31 per 100 person-years [6]. The decreased incidence among young Thai males, after their discharge from the armed service was believed to be attributable to the successful national comprehensive HIV prevention attempts, especially the 100% condom marketing campaign [2, 7]. Although Thailand offers been successful in reducing the heterosexual transmission of HIV during commercial sex, recent data suggest a resurgence of event HIV infections among men who have sex with males (MSM). MSM currently are playing the major role in the current epidemic of HIV illness in Thailand. Recently, vehicle Griensven and his colleagues have recorded the significant effect of MSM in keeping the current HIV epidemic in Thailand from venue-based studies among MSM Lithospermoside in Bangkok. They found that the overall HIV prevalence among MSM improved from 17.3% in 2003 to 28.3% in 2005 and 30.8% in 2007. The estimated annual Rabbit Polyclonal to HSD11B1 HIV incidence among young MSM improved from 4.1% in 2003 to 6.4% in 2005, to 7.7% in 2007 [8]. The same group of investigators, in cooperation with Lithospermoside the Thai Ministry of General public Health, reported a high prevalence of HIV illness among MSM.